Artroplastia total de cadera en dos instituciones ortopédicas de Cuba

Tiemure Wu; Horacio Inocencio Tabares Neyra

Artroplastia total de cadera en dos instituciones ortopédicas de Cuba

Tiemure Wu, Horacio Inocencio Tabares Neyra

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Resumen

Introducción: La artroplastia total de cadera se considera un procedimiento seguro y eficaz que alivia el dolor, y mejora la salud física y la calidad de vida en los pacientes.

Objetivos: Caracterizar la artroplastia total de cadera en pacientes intervenidos en el Hospital Ortopédico Docente “Fructuoso Rodríguez” y el Complejo Científico Ortopédico “Frank País”.

Métodos: Estudio descriptivo retrospectivo de pacientes intervenidos con artroplastia total de cadera en el Hospital Ortopédico Docente “Fructuoso Rodríguez” y el Complejo Científico Ortopédico “Frank País”, entre septiembre de 2019 y marzo de 2021.

Resultados: Predominaron el sexo femenino y las edades entre 60 y 62 años, con lateralidad izquierda. El principal diagnóstico preoperatorio resultó la coxartrosis. El tamaño de la copa acetabular y la cabeza del componente femoral fueron similares. La prótesis acetabular se fijó por presión.

Conclusiones: Se encontraron grandes semejanzas en cuanto a la edad, el sexo, la lateralidad, el tamaño de los componentes acetabular y cabeza femoral, el tipo de fijación del componente acetabular y la cantidad de tornillos empleados. En el diagnóstico preoperatorio prevaleció la artrosis de cadera.

Palabras clave

artroplastia total de cadera; abordajes quirúrgicos; abordaje anterior a la cadera.

Referencias

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