Revisión sistemática sobre los efectos de las técnicas fisioterapéuticas de movilización neural
Palabras clave:
movilización neural, terapia física, salud, rehabilitaciónResumen
Introducción: La movilización neural consiste en combinaciones de movimientos articulares que promueven el deslizamiento o la tensión del tejido neural. Estos pueden realizarse, de forma pasiva, por el profesional sanitario o, de forma activa, por el individuo.
Objetivo: Sintetizar la evidencia de estudios previos sobre los efectos de las técnicas fisioterapéuticas de movilización neural en diferentes patologías y lesiones.
Métodos: Se encontraron 1036 estudios según los descriptores utilizados (649 en el Core Collection de la Web of Science, 302 en Medline, 7 en SciELO y 78 en PEDro). Finalmente, se consideraron 11 estudios para la revisión, entre ellos, originales y de tipo experimental (ensayos clínicos controlados).
Resultados: Tres estudios se realizaron en Europa, cinco en Asia y tres en África. El rango de las muestras osciló entre 21 y 62 estudiantes universitarios. Los principales efectos se estudiaron en la radiculopatía (cervical unilateral crónica, lumbar por hernia discal, lumbalgia crónica), dolor de cuello y brazo relacionado con el nervio, lumbalgia, síndrome del túnel carpiano, parálisis de Bell, pacientes tras laminectomía lumbar, dolor articular en pacientes con artritis reumatoide y dolor cervicobraquial.
Conclusiones: La técnica de movilización neural tiene efectos favorables sobre diferentes patologías.
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Derechos de autor 2025 Yury Rosales-Ricardo, Sonia Álvarez-Carrión
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial 4.0.
