Intervención fisioterapéutica en fibromialgia

Mónica Carolina Delgado Molina; Rosa Helena Eraso Angulo; Jonathan Adrián Muñoz Luna; Mayra Valeria Escobar Insuasti; Daira Yalile Benavides Benitez; María Fernanda Burbano Goyes

Intervención fisioterapéutica en fibromialgia

Mónica Carolina Delgado Molina, Rosa Helena Eraso Angulo, Jonathan Adrián Muñoz Luna, Mayra Valeria Escobar Insuasti, Daira Yalile Benavides Benitez, María Fernanda Burbano Goyes

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Resumen

Introducción: La fibromialgia afecta el movimiento corporal. Provoca dolor en puntos claves, causa molestias musculoesqueléticas y limita la actividad de las personas. Se ha descrito que la fisioterapia mejora de calidad de vida de estos pacientes.

Objetivo: Identificar los test de evaluación y los procesos de intervención fisioterapéutica utilizados en la fibromialgia.

Métodos: Se realizó una revisión de literatura en PubMed, ScientsDirect, SciELO y LILLACS, con la terminología MeSH y DeCS, entre 2017 y 2022.

Resultados: La escala visual análoga y la algometría por presión son los test utilizados para el dolor. La hidroterapia, el cupping, la punción seca, el masaje sueco, los ejercicios respiratorios y los aeróbicos resultan los métodos de intervención con más uso.

Conclusiones: Los procesos de intervención se deben plantear según las evaluaciones del dolor y la funcionalidad en la persona. El tratamiento fisioterapéutico de la fibromialgia debe tener un componente de ejercicio físico aérobico y fuerza para disminuir la fatiga; devolverle al músculo su funcionalidad y aumentar la capacidad aeróbica.

Palabras clave

fibromialgia; rehabilitación; fisioterapia.

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