Artroplastia asistida por robot versus convencional: un análisis comparativo de los resultados posoperatorios en Colombia
Keywords:
artroplastia de reemplazo de rodilla; artroplastia de reemplazo de cadera; procedimientos quirúrgicos robóticos; procedimientos ortopédicosAbstract
Introduction: Robotic-assisted knee and hip arthroplasty improves precision and outcomes but poses challenges such as longer operative times compared to conventional surgery.
Objectives: To compare clinical outcomes between conventional and robotic-assisted total knee and hip arthroplasty.
Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted on patients who underwent robotic-assisted or conventional arthroplasty between December 2023 and July 2024 at a high-complexity institution. Clinical and sociodemographic data were analyzed using statistical methods, including Kaplan-Meier survival analysis.
Results: 292 hip and knee arthroplasties, of which 59.6% were conventional and 40.4% with robotic assistance. Patients in the robotic group were older (median 72 vs. 68.5 years, p = 0.021) and more likely to reside in urban areas (97.5% vs. 87.4%, p = 0.002). Patients who underwent robotic surgery had a shorter median hospital stay compared to those who had conventional surgery (1 vs. 2 days, p < 0.001), lower postoperative Visual Analog Scale (median 0 vs. 1, p = 0.045), and fewer transfusions (1.69% vs. 8.67%, p = 0.013). The robotic group had a lower risk of prolonged hospitalization (p < 0.001).
Discussion: Robot-assisted hip and knee arthroplasty demonstrated significant benefits, including shorter hospital stays, lower VAS, and reduced transfusion. These outcomes suggest a potential for faster recovery and improved early postoperative results, particularly in older adults.
Conclusions: Robot-assisted arthroplasty emerges as a clinically advantageous approach. Despite longer operative times, its relation with improved postoperative outcomes and reduced resource demands supports its growing role in orthopedic practice.
Keywords: arthroplasty; replacement; knee; arthroplasty; replacement; hip; robotic surgical procedures; orthopedic procedures.
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Copyright (c) 2026 Alejandra Mendoza-Monsalve, Elio David Rueda Cadena, Edgar Fabián Manrique-Hernández, Alexandra Hurtado-Ortiz, Maricel Licht-Ardila, Jose Ferney Mejia-Duarte, Camila Castillo-Hernandez, Juan Camilo Rodriguez-Ordoñez, Gustavo Enrique Gómez Osorio, Anderson Bermon, Carlos Enrique Osorio-López
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