Tiempos de espera para la artroplastia de cadera: una revisión de 10 años
Palabras clave:
artroplastia de cadera, reemplazo de cadera, tiempo de espera, revisiónResumen
Introducción: Los tiempos de espera para cirugía electiva constituyen un indicador clave de calidad en sistemas sanitarios, que influye directamente en los resultados clínicos, satisfacción de los pacientes y percepción de la efectividad institucional. Este fenómeno reviste especial relevancia en procedimientos de alta demanda como la artroplastia total de cadera (ATC).
Objetivo: Realizar una revisión narrativa de la evidencia disponible sobre los tiempos de espera preoperatorios en ATC, analizando su variabilidad temporal, impacto clínico y factores determinantes.
Métodos: Se ejecutó una búsqueda sistemática en PubMed (febrero-marzo 2025) siguiendo metodología PRISMA para revisiones narrativas. Tras screening de títulos/abstracts y evaluación de textos completos, se seleccionaron 10 estudios que cumplían con los criterios de elegibilidad. La muestra incluyó investigaciones publicadas entre 2016-2024 (período de ejecución 1998-2020), con cohortes desde 79 hasta 190.103 participantes, procedentes de siete sistemas sanitarios: Reino Unido, Canadá, Austria, Países Bajos, Dinamarca, Sudáfrica y Eslovenia.
Conclusiones: Nuestra revisión mostró un aumento progresivo de los tiempos de espera para la artroplastia de cadera, con un pico debido a la pandemia de covid-19; y mostró muestra correlación directa entre demoras prolongadas con peor calidad de vida.
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Derechos de autor 2026 Gianmarco Troiano, Roberto Gusinu, Katia Belvedere, Camilla Soldo, Daniela Matarrese, Giacomo Lazzeri
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial 4.0.
