Gonartrosis y obesidad
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Introducción: La gonartrosis constituye una entidad degenerativa con diversos factores modificables y no modificables. Dentro de los primeros se encuentra la obesidad, que dificulta el tratamiento de los enfermos.
Objetivo: Actualizar los conocimientos sobre los pacientes con gonartrosis y obesidad.
Métodos: La búsqueda y el análisis de la información se hicieron en tres meses. Se emplearon los términos osteoarthritis and obesity, knee osteoarthritis and obesity, obesity y treatment. Se revisaron 423 artÃculos en las bases de datos PubMed, Hinari, SciELO y Medline, mediante el gestor de búsqueda y administrador de referencias EndNote.
Resultados: Se caracterizaron, desde el punto de vista clÃnico, los pacientes con gonartrosis, y la interrelación de los elementos biomecánicos y bioquÃmicos. Se describieron las relaciones anatómicas de la rodilla en pacientes con obesidad. Se señalaron las hormonas que actúan en estos enfermos y los métodos de tratamiento.
Conclusiones: La obesidad asociada a la gonartrosis constituye un factor de mal pronóstico, en cuanto a la presentación y bilateralidad de la enfermedad; además, resulta un factor de progresión reconocido; por tanto, se deben seleccionar cuidadosamente los métodos para su tratamiento en este grupo de pacientes. Para ello desempeña un papel muy importante el equipo multidisciplinario.
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Referencias
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